Magnets can be divided into permanent magnets and non-permanent magnets, the former is able to maintain long-term magnetic not easy to lose magnetic natural products, such as magnetite; The latter requires certain conditions in order to appear magnetic, such as electromagnets.
The manufacture of permanent magnets requires the use of some special metal materials, such as copper, cobalt, sulfur, nickel, iron, aluminum and titanium. These metal materials need to go through the following steps to become a magnet:
Casting: First make a sand mold in the shape of a magnet, and then put the metal into an electromagnetic furnace and heat it to more than 1600 ° C to melt all the metal into a liquid. The liquid is then poured into the mold and left to cool and cure.
Sintering: Metal pieces are tied to copper tubes, placed in larger tubes, placed in the middle, surrounded tightly with silica sand, and concrete is used to seal the exposed copper tubes at both ends. Then put it in the furnace to heat 700℃, take it out, fix the two ends of the copper pipe with a clamp, and pass a low voltage and high charge current. This step allows the metal to be slightly magnetized, establishing the correct magnetic field orientation.
Finishing: The sintered material is processed into the shape specification required by the customer with a specific machine.
Magnetization: The magnet is activated by a magnetizing machine. The machine transmits a powerful magnetic field through an electric current to the metal, creating a long-lasting magnetic force.
After these steps, the permanent magnet is manufactured. However, in order to prevent rust or damage to the surface, it is also necessary to carry out some protective electroplating treatment, such as nickel plating, epoxy plating and so on.